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While looking toward the future with our comprehensive slate of current content, we'd also like to recognize our rich past by drawing upon our extensive (and mostly free) online archive of work dating back to 1997. In an effort to highlight the best of what's gone before, we'll be bringing you a weekly blast from BP's past, introducing or re-introducing you to some of the most informative and entertaining authors who have passed through our virtual halls. If you have fond recollections of a BP piece that you'd like to nominate for re-exposure to a wider audience, send us your suggestion.

Is it better for a team's playoff hopes to seal a playoff spot early in September, or to have a race come down to the wire? Mike surveyed baseball history in search of an answer in the piece reprinted below, which was originally published on October 1, 2006.

Drive a nail home and clinch it so faithfully that you can wake up in the night and think of your work with satisfaction, a work at which you would not be ashamed to invoke the Muse.
–Henry David "Clyde" Thoreau

New York is abuzz with the prospect of another Subway Series, and who can blame them? Though both New York teams took very different routes–the Mets dominated the ignoble National League all season, while the Yankees needed a late-season surge and a five-game sweep of the rival Red Sox to take charge of the AL East–they both were the first in their respective leagues to clinch a playoff spot.

On September 18, the Mets shut out the Marlins, 4-0, and had a 91-58 record, a 14 1/2-game lead, and 13 games left in the season, thereby clinching their first NL East title in 18 seasons.

One day later, the Yankees clinched the AL East title for the ninth straight season with a 3-2 win over the Blue Jays. It has become so commonplace that all the media could do is goggle at the Yankees actually welcoming supposed pariah Alex Rodriguez to their celebration. The Yanks had a 92-59 record, an 11-game lead, and 11 games left in their season.

The Mets became just the 39th team in baseball history to clinch a division or league title with at least 13 games remaining in the season and the first since the 105-win 2004 Cardinals. Keep in mind that the Mets had to keep their champagne on ice during a three-game sweep at the hands of the lowly Pirates. The Mets could have been just the 17th team in baseball history to clinch a title with 16 or more games remaining (the last being the 2002 Braves).

Meanwhile the Yankees became the 75th team ever to clinch a title with 11 or more games left to play. That's the third most games that they have had in hand while guzzling the champagne for their current title run. They had 12 games remaining when they clinched in 2001 and 19 in their epic 1998 season. In all three cases, the Red Sox were the last team eliminated. (By the way, the earliest the Yankee franchise has ever clinched was in 1941: with 20 games remaining, they eliminated the White Sox.)

There are four other races, however, that are or were at the other end of the spectrum. The NL wild card and NL West were nominally decided yesterday, as the Padres and Dodgers locked up postseason spots. Which team wins the division and which is the wild card will be determined today.

The other two races have been anything but expected. On August 7, the Tigers owned the best record in baseball (76-36, .679) and a 10-game lead in the AL Central race. Today, the last day of the season, they are tied with the Twins. Detroit has not spent a day out of first since before May 16. Minnesota had never been in first until Thursday night. The race is somewhat blunted because both have clinched a playoff spot, but both teams would prefer to play the first two games at home than in the Bronx in the first round. The Twins, nabbing at least a share of first place for the first time this late in the season, become the second latest in "modern" baseball history to do so, and missed the record by one day.

The current modern "record" is held by the Cardinals who tied the Reds for control of the National League pennant on September 29, 1964 en route to a National League pennant and World Series crown. The Reds took the league lead just two days earlier from the infamous 1964 Phils, who were up by 6 1/2 games on September 17 but lost 12 of their last 15 games. (The all-time "record" is held by the 1873 Boston Red Stockings, who took over first for the first time on October 1, though the season lasted another month.)

Which brings me to the NL Central. This season the Cardinals are the ones with the big lead and long losing streak (which is gratifying for a Phillies fan like me), eight of their last 10 games. St. Louis was seven games ahead of Cincinnati and 8 1/2 games ahead of Houston on September 17. Since then they are 3-9, and their lead is down to a game-and-a-half over the Astros. It does not hurt that the Houston, who was last in first place on April 27, won nine straight before arriving in Atlanta Friday.

All three of these races went down to the last weekend of the season. Given that the two New York clubs clinched very early and the final three spots will be clinched very late in the season (while the A's clinched the AL West title with five games to go), does that give those two New York teams an almost insurmountable edge heading into the playoffs?

Looking at all first place teams throughout baseball history, we can divide them into three almost equal groups of early clinchers, later clinchers, and average clinchers. Early clinchers eliminated all their opponents with at least eight games to play. Late clinchers had no more than three games remaining. That leaves average clinchers with between four and seven games remaining.

The Yankees and Mets clearly fall in the early clinching group, the A's fall into the average group, and whoever wins the final three divisions will likely fall into the late-clinching group. (We will leave the wild cards for later.) By our theory above, the early clinchers (Yankees and Mets) will have a distinct advantage over the teams that will clinch later. Let's look at our clinching groups in baseball's past to determine if that is true.

First, let's examine the basic statistics for each group:

Clinch Type    Avg PCT     Avg W     Avg L     PCT   Avg GA   Games Remaining
Early             .647     98.23     54.11    .645    12.18             11.91
Avg               .611     89.60     58.48    .605     5.81              5.43
Late              .606     90.86     60.31    .601     2.82              1.48
Overall           .622     93.05     57.66    .617     6.88              6.18

Obviously the early group has by far the best overall record (.647 winning percentage). However, the early and the late group are separated by just five percentage points. Again, it appears that the early clinchers are head and shoulders above the other two groups.

However, before we proceed I want to go back and include that pimple on the face of the playoff system, wild card teams, in the analysis.

Determining when wild cards clinch is somewhat problematic. In some cases they are still in contention for their division title after clinching a playoff spot. Actually, the wild card also throws a monkey wrench in analyzing certain pennant races, those in which both teams have already clinched a playoff spot and in which becoming the division winner is almost academic. In my analysis, I have decoupled the wild card races and division races, as if the wild card were a separate division altogether.

The statistics above for wild card teams are as follows:

Clinch Type    Avg PCT     Avg W     Avg L     PCT   Avg GA   Games Remaining
Early             .611     99.00     63.00    .611    14.50             10.00
Avg               .583     94.50     67.50    .583     6.50              4.25
Late              .568     90.81     69.00    .568     2.28              1.13
Overall           .575     92.23     68.18    .575     4.16              2.50

They are considerably worse teams than the division winners above. However, the early group is clearly superior to the other two groups.

Now here are the stats for both groups combined (first-place teams and wild cards):

Clinch Type    Avg PCT     Avg W     Avg L     PCT   Avg GA   Games Remaining
Early             .646     98.25     54.25    .644    12.22             11.88
Avg               .610     89.79     58.84    .604     5.84              5.39
Late              .602     90.86     61.26    .597     2.76              1.44
Overall           .613     93.00     58.29    .615     6.72              5.96

How have those teams fared in the postseason? Here are the results:

Clinch Type    #Tms      Won Div?       Won Lg?       Won WS?        %
Early           122         53             87            40        33%
Avg             101         47             72            32        32%
Late            147         62             91            33        22%
Overall         370        162            250           105        28%

The late clinching group does win a much smaller percentage than the other two as expected. However, the early clinches fare about as well as the average group even though they have a much better winning percentage.

If we look at the winning percentage in playoff games, the outlook gets even bleaker for early clinchers:

Clinch Type        PostW        PostL        PCT
Early              400          370          .519
Avg                355          310          .534
Late               411          481          .461
Overall            1166         1161         .501

(Note: The five games missing in the loss total belong to the 1892 Cleveland Spiders, who were a second-place team that got swept in a "World's Championship Series" against the regular season champs, the Boston Beaneaters.)

The early group may have played more games, but their winning percentage is worse than the average group.

Could clinching early and playing a larger number of games that "don't matter" cause a team to get rusty and have a sub-par performance in the postseason? Perhaps early clinchers go into a spiral in the inconsequential games after eliminating their foes. Below are the records of each group after they had clinched a title:

Clinch Type        PCT        W After        L After        PCT        Diff
Early             .646        779            565           .580       -.066
Avg               .610        245            235           .510       -.100
Late              .602        79             88            .473       -.129
Overall           .613        1103           888           .554       -.059

The early clinchers not only have the best winning percentage, they perform much closer to their overall performance than the other two groups. This is all the more remarkable given that they play many, many more of these pointless games. The average group is barely above .500 and the late group has a losing record.

This does not appear to support the "rust" theory. Then again, we are not looking at postseason performance here. Could it be that this "rustiness" sets in only when the postseason commences? Can we see this rust settling on the early clinchers in some sort of statistical means?

What does having more time to rest players mean to a team? Well, resting starting pitchers means more time to set up the most advantageous pitching rotation. One would expect that perhaps over-tinkered pitching staffs would show some signs of sluggishness in the postseason, at least more so than the offenses would. Let us test that theory by comparing the overall earned run averages during the regular season and the postseason per clinching type:

Clinch Type        Regular Season ERA        Postseason ERA      % Change
Early              3.29                      3.31                  0.34%
Avg                3.49                      3.48                 -0.32%
Late               3.54                      3.63                  2.48%
Overall            3.44                      3.48                  0.98%

Yes, there is a very slight ERA increase for the early group's pitchers, and a very slight improvement in the average group's, but the early clinchers still have a better overall ERA. There is very little indication of pitching staffs being overly rusty.

Actually, the one thing this comparison bares out is that the late clinchers, the teams with little or no time to set their rotations and rest their key pitchers, are the only teams that are negatively impacted, and it sure isn't rust that causes their woes.

If rust has little effect on pitching, perhaps the position players are the ones that are afflicted. Let's compare the offensive ratios per group for the regular season and postseason:

Clinch Type  RegOBP  RegSLG  RegOPS    PostOBP  PostSLG  PostOPS   OPS % Diff
Early           .341   .410     751       .311     .366      676       -9.89%
Avg             .336   .405     741       .315     .372      687       -7.30%
Late            .336   .407     743       .311     .370      681       -8.34%
Overall         .338   .407     745       .312     .369      681       -8.56%

It appears that pitching does, as the aphorism goes, dominate the postseason. All of the groups saw an appreciable decrease in their offensive numbers. However, the early clinchers get hurt the most while the average group sees the least impact.

Apparently, the rust theory has some merit, but unexpectedly, it's the well-rested position players that show the ill affects.

But why does it afflict the early clinchers but leave the average group largely unaffected? Could it be that having a handful of meaningless games at the end of the season provides the average group with some much-needed rest while the early clinchers, with almost an extra week to rest, begin to calcify with the aches and pains of the offseason? A little rest is a help, but a lot of rest is a hindrance? It appears to be the case. Perhaps that's why it affects the pitchers much less given that an extra week off would mean perhaps one lost start rather than an extended idle period.

So what does this all mean? A New York Subway Series is definitely a possibility, but it is by no means the lock that it would appear to be. The Mets swoon since clinching (3-7) would seem to be foreshadowing this.

Or are they? Is there a relationship between a team's record after clinching and how well they perform in the postseason? I ran the numbers and there is very little correlation between a team's winning percentage after clinching and their winning percentage in the postseason (correlation coefficient of 0.112).

However, maybe winning percentage does not capture overall performance especially when late clinchers play perhaps just a game or two. I approached it differently: I categorized teams based on winning (.500 or better) or losing record (sub-.500) or no games remaining in the season. I ran the postseason numbers for all three groups:

After Cat    Post W  Post L     PCT    Avg PCT    # Tms    WS Won      %
Losing          395     398    .498       .439      104        32    31%
Winning         650     603    .519       .476      179        62    35%
No Games        121     160    .431       .360       46        11    24%
Overall        1166    1161    .501       .448      329       105    32%

It is preferable to continue to win after clinching, but it clearly is more important to have at least a handful of games to prepare for the postseason.

So although it would be better for the Mets to win once in a while even if the games no longer really matter, but maybe they should worry more about who is replacing Pedro Martinez.

Finally, for the karmically inclined fans of "My Name is Earl," let's take a look at whether what a team does on the day they clinch has any bearing on their postseason fate. Does "backing in" to the playoffs (i.e., losing a game and still clinching) hurt a team's chances in the postseason?

Well, I looked it every which way that I could and I saw very little indication that winning on the day that you clinch matters once the postseason rolls around. One complication is that some teams played a doubleheader on the day they clinched, some played one game, and some did not play at all.

There was almost no correlation a) between the team's winning percentage on their clinching day and whether they will win the World Series (0.012 coefficient), b) between the number of wins on a team's clinching day and whether they will win the World Series (also 0.012), c) between postseason, winning percentage and winning percentage on the day a team clinches (0.031), and d) between the number of wins on a team's clinching day and postseason winning percentage (0.022).

Evidently, what a team does in order to clinch a spot-win, lose, draw, or rest-does not foreshadow one whit what they will do in the postseason.

For the record, here are the teams that clinched first place with the most games remaining.

Yr   Tm    Lg  Div   ClinchDate   LastTmElim  Games Remaining   W   L    PCT
1902 PIT   NL          19020903       BSN          25         103  36   .741
1999 CLE   AL   C      19990908       CHA          23          97  65   .599
1995 CLE   AL   C      19950908       KCA          22         100  44   .694
2002 ATL   NL   E      20020909       PHI          21         101  59   .631
1941 NYA   AL          19410904       CHA          20         101  53   .656
1975 CIN   NL   W      19750907       LAN          20         108  54   .667
1943 SLN   NL          19430918       CIN          19         105  49   .682
1998 NYA   AL   E      19980909       BOS          19         114  48   .704
1887 SL4   AA          18870915       LS2          18          95  40   .704
1904 NY1   NL          19040921       CHN          17         106  47   .693
1936 NYA   AL          19360908       DET          17         102  51   .667
1986 NYN   NL   E      19860917       PHI          17         108  54   .667

Here are the earliest wild card clinchers:

Yr   Tm    Lg  Div   ClinchDate   LastTmElim  Games Remaining   W   L    PCT
2001 OAK   AL   W      20010923       MIN          12         102  60   .630
1997 NYA   AL   E      19970920       ANA           8          96  66   .593
1997 FLO   NL   E      19970923       LAN           5          92  70   .568
1999 BOS   AL   E      19990929       OAK           4          94  68   .580
2000 NYN   NL   E      20000927       LAN           4          94  68   .580
2004 BOS   AL   E      20040929       OAK           4          98  64   .605

Thank you for reading

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elljay
9/06
I would like to propose a new stat:

GAWC
Games Ahead When Clinching

It will show at a glance how dominant (or not) the division winner was by eliminating the games played after the race was settled.

Larry Cohen
Los Gatos, CA